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Currently, the most common case fans on the market are 120 mm and 140 mm. However, fans pre-installed in cases are still predominantly 120 mm. What are the differences between these two sizes, and should you consider upgrading to a 140 mm fan?

| Differences Between 120 mm and 140 mm Fans |

The primary differences between 120 mm and 140 mm fans are airflow, cooling performance, noise levels, and case compatibility.

When operating at the same speed, a 140 mm fan will generate higher airflow, resulting in better cooling performance compared to a 120 mm fan.

At the same noise level, a 140 mm fan operates at a lower speed while providing stronger airflow. However, at the same fan speed, a 120 mm fan will produce less noise.

Since 140 mm fans require larger spaces and screw holes that specifically fit the 140 mm size, not all cases support 140 mm fans. It’s important to check compatibility before purchasing.

| Who Should Upgrade to 140 mm Case Fans? |

140 mm fans offer higher airflow at full speed, lowering internal temperatures more effectively than 120 mm fans.

140 mm fans tend to be noisier than 120 mm fans. They are ideal for users who typically wear headphones while gaming or using their PC for extended periods.

| Why Aren’t 140 mm Case Fans the Mainstream Choice? |

While some cases come pre-installed with 140 mm fans, 120 mm fans are still the most common choice. This is due to several reasons:

140 mm fans tend to be slightly more expensive than their 120 mm counterparts. For example, the Owl NF-P12 and NF-P14 fans are priced at $20 and $23, respectively. The price difference of $3 per fan can add up to $9 for 3 to 4 fans. However, real-world testing shows that a 140 mm fan only reduces temperatures by about 1 degree compared to a 120 mm fan, which may not justify the higher cost.

Most consumers do not run their PCs at full speed for extended periods. The airflow and cooling performance of 120 mm fans are sufficient for everyday use, so upgrading to 140 mm fans is often unnecessary.





Currently, the most common case fans on the market are 120 mm and 140 mm. However, fans pre-installed in cases are still predominantly 120 mm. What are the differences between these two sizes, and should you consider upgrading to a 140 mm fan?



| Differences Between 120 mm and 140 mm Fans |

The primary differences between 120 mm and 140 mm fans are airflow, cooling performance, noise levels, and case compatibility.



Airflow and Cooling Performance

When operating at the same speed, a 140 mm fan will generate higher airflow, resulting in better cooling performance compared to a 120 mm fan.







Speed and Noise Levels

At the same noise level, a 140 mm fan operates at a lower speed while providing stronger airflow. However, at the same fan speed, a 120 mm fan will produce less noise.



Case Compatibility

Since 140 mm fans require larger spaces and screw holes that specifically fit the 140 mm size, not all cases support 140 mm fans. It’s important to check compatibility before purchasing.



| Who Should Upgrade to 140 mm Case Fans? |

Users with Higher Cooling Needs: 

140 mm fans offer higher airflow at full speed, lowering internal temperatures more effectively than 120 mm fans.



Users Less Concerned About Noise: 

140 mm fans tend to be noisier than 120 mm fans. They are ideal for users who typically wear headphones while gaming or using their PC for extended periods.







| Why Aren’t 140 mm Case Fans the Mainstream Choice? |

While some cases come pre-installed with 140 mm fans, 120 mm fans are still the most common choice. This is due to several reasons:



Lower Cost-Effectiveness

140 mm fans tend to be slightly more expensive than their 120 mm counterparts. For example, the Owl NF-P12 and NF-P14 fans are priced at $20 and $23, respectively. The price difference of $3 per fan can add up to $9 for 3 to 4 fans. However, real-world testing shows that a 140 mm fan only reduces temperatures by about 1 degree compared to a 120 mm fan, which may not justify the higher cost.



Not Aligned with Market Demand

Most consumers do not run their PCs at full speed for extended periods. The airflow and cooling performance of 120 mm fans are sufficient for everyday use, so upgrading to 140 mm fans is often unnecessary.





140 mm case fans offer better cooling performance, but due to cost-effectiveness and market demand, 120 mm fans remain the mainstream choice.

What Are the Differences Between 140 mm and 120 mm Case Fans?

As a DIY beginner, you are often reminded to apply thermal paste when installing a cooler, or your system might fail to boot properly. But why is thermal paste so important? What makes this paste so essential?

Although the surfaces of the CPU and cooler might appear smooth to the naked eye, they are not perfectly flat. The gaps between them prevent effective heat transfer. Applying thermal paste fills these gaps, allowing the cooler to work at its maximum efficiency.

There are four common methods for applying thermal paste: the dot method, five-point method, cross method, and spread method.

Apply a small dot of thermal paste in the center of the CPU and then press the cooler down to spread the paste evenly between the CPU and cooler.

The five-point and cross methods are similar, ensuring that thermal paste is evenly applied from the center to the corners.

Apply a small amount of thermal paste to the CPU and use a spatula to evenly spread it across the surface.

| What Happens If You Don't Apply Thermal Paste? |

Even with a powerful cooler, if the heat from the CPU cannot be effectively transferred to the cooler, it won’t perform efficiently.

The CPU will throttle due to overheating, leading to a decrease in overall performance.

Prolonged high temperatures can significantly shorten the lifespan of the CPU and other components.

| Thermal Paste Selection and Usage Tips |

When selecting thermal paste, opt for one with a high thermal conductivity rating. Combining this with the proper application technique will ensure the best cooling performance.

Since the motherboard is filled with electronic components, using conductive thermal paste could cause interference or, in the worst-case scenario, permanent damage to your computer's components.

Before applying thermal paste, it’s a good idea to clean the surfaces of the CPU and cooler using alcohol and a cloth to ensure the highest possible cooling performance.

Thermal paste is an essential part of processor cooling. Not only does it improve computer performance, but it also extends the lifespan of your hardware.





As a DIY beginner, you are often reminded to apply thermal paste when installing a cooler, or your system might fail to boot properly. But why is thermal paste so important? What makes this paste so essential?



| Why is Thermal Paste Necessary? |

Although the surfaces of the CPU and cooler might appear smooth to the naked eye, they are not perfectly flat. The gaps between them prevent effective heat transfer. Applying thermal paste fills these gaps, allowing the cooler to work at its maximum efficiency.



↑ From intel official website

| How to Apply Thermal Paste |

There are four common methods for applying thermal paste: the dot method, five-point method, cross method, and spread method.



Dot Method

Apply a small dot of thermal paste in the center of the CPU and then press the cooler down to spread the paste evenly between the CPU and cooler.





Pros: Helps prevent excessive paste from spilling over the edges of the processor.



Cons: The distribution of thermal paste may be uneven around the edges of the CPU.



Five-Point / Cross Method

The five-point and cross methods are similar, ensuring that thermal paste is evenly applied from the center to the corners.





Pros: Ensures an even distribution of thermal paste, improving heat transfer.



Cons: If not applied correctly, thermal paste may spill over the processor.



Spread Method

Apply a small amount of thermal paste to the CPU and use a spatula to evenly spread it across the surface.





Pros: Offers better coverage and heat transfer than the five-point or cross methods.



Cons: If too much thermal paste is applied, it may spill over the edges of the processor.







| What Happens If You Don't Apply Thermal Paste? |

Wasted Cooler Performance: 

Even with a powerful cooler, if the heat from the CPU cannot be effectively transferred to the cooler, it won’t perform efficiently.



Reduced CPU Performance: 

The CPU will throttle due to overheating, leading to a decrease in overall performance.



Hardware Damage: 

Prolonged high temperatures can significantly shorten the lifespan of the CPU and other components.







| Thermal Paste Selection and Usage Tips |

Choose a High Thermal Conductivity Paste

When selecting thermal paste, opt for one with a high thermal conductivity rating. Combining this with the proper application technique will ensure the best cooling performance.







Select Non-Conductive Thermal Paste

Since the motherboard is filled with electronic components, using conductive thermal paste could cause interference or, in the worst-case scenario, permanent damage to your computer's components.







Clean Before Application

Before applying thermal paste, it’s a good idea to clean the surfaces of the CPU and cooler using alcohol and a cloth to ensure the highest possible cooling performance.







Thermal paste is an essential part of processor cooling. Not only does it improve computer performance, but it also extends the lifespan of your hardware.

The surface between the CPU and the cooler is not perfectly smooth, which is why thermal paste is needed to ensure optimal heat transfer.

Why You Must Apply Thermal Paste When Installing a Cooler

As a gamer, you may have come across recommendations online for AMD’s X3D series processors. Thanks to the use of AMD’s 3D V-Cache technology, these processors offer exceptional gaming performance. But what exactly is 3D V-Cache technology, and how can the X3D series benefit gamers?

3D V-Cache is an advanced 3D packaging technique that stacks cache memory directly on top of the CPU. This innovation helps alleviate cache memory bottlenecks. The main advantage is the increased cache capacity, which reduces performance losses caused by cache misses.

| Advantages of the X3D Series Processors |

The X3D processors feature larger cache memory, optimizing memory access during gaming and resulting in higher frame rates.

To balance heat dissipation, the base frequency of X3D processors is slightly lower than that of their standard counterparts in the same generation.

↑ The X3D series CPUs can deliver higher gaming frame rates.(From 

| Who Should Consider Purchasing X3D Series Processors? |

Given the larger cache memory capacity of the X3D processors, they are primarily beneficial for gamers. However, they don’t offer significant advantages for productivity tasks or content creators. If your PC needs are focused on productivity or content creation, the X3D series may not be the best choice.

| The New Ryzen 7 9800X3D Improves on the Zen3 and Zen4 Weaknesses |

Earlier Zen3 and Zen4 X3D processors stacked the cache memory on top of the CPU core, leading to inefficient heat dissipation. This design prevented the CPU core from directly contacting the top cover, which caused cooling issues. The new Ryzen 7 9800X3D has swapped the positions of the CPU core and cache memory, allowing the core to directly contact the top cover. This change not only solves the heat buildup problem but also allows the X3D series to achieve higher processor clock speeds.

Check out the Ryzen 7 9800X3D Introduction Video





As a gamer, you may have come across recommendations online for AMD’s X3D series processors. Thanks to the use of AMD’s 3D V-Cache technology, these processors offer exceptional gaming performance. But what exactly is 3D V-Cache technology, and how can the X3D series benefit gamers?



| What is 3D V-Cache Technology? |

3D V-Cache is an advanced 3D packaging technique that stacks cache memory directly on top of the CPU. This innovation helps alleviate cache memory bottlenecks. The main advantage is the increased cache capacity, which reduces performance losses caused by cache misses.





↑ Image Credit: Geek Bay



| Advantages of the X3D Series Processors |

1.Gaming Performance: 

The X3D processors feature larger cache memory, optimizing memory access during gaming and resulting in higher frame rates.



2.Lower Power Consumption: 

To balance heat dissipation, the base frequency of X3D processors is slightly lower than that of their standard counterparts in the same generation.





↑ The X3D series CPUs can deliver higher gaming frame rates.(From Geek Bay YT)



| Who Should Consider Purchasing X3D Series Processors? |

Given the larger cache memory capacity of the X3D processors, they are primarily beneficial for gamers. However, they don’t offer significant advantages for productivity tasks or content creators. If your PC needs are focused on productivity or content creation, the X3D series may not be the best choice.



| X3D vs. Non-X3D Series Processors |



| The New Ryzen 7 9800X3D Improves on the Zen3 and Zen4 Weaknesses |

Earlier Zen3 and Zen4 X3D processors stacked the cache memory on top of the CPU core, leading to inefficient heat dissipation. This design prevented the CPU core from directly contacting the top cover, which caused cooling issues. The new Ryzen 7 9800X3D has swapped the positions of the CPU core and cache memory, allowing the core to directly contact the top cover. This change not only solves the heat buildup problem but also allows the X3D series to achieve higher processor clock speeds.



Check out the Ryzen 7 9800X3D Introduction Video



The AMD X3D series processors use advanced packaging technology to stack cache memory, improving CPU performance, especially in gaming scenarios.

What Sets AMD X3D Processors Apart from Regular CPUs?

I was fortunate enough to be invited by darkFlash Taiwan to experience the debut of the back-insertion “sea-view” PC case. The first time I saw this case was at the 2024 Computex booth, where I learned that it features a back-insertion design, three large glass panels for maximum transparency, and an expansive layout—quite unique! When I received the invitation, I also had a set of ROG BTF components on hand, so I took up the challenge. While setting up the system, I hesitated a bit regarding cooling solutions. Almost all water cooling systems on the market still have tubing, and I felt that to achieve the perfect back-insertion aesthetic, something was still missing. Then I remembered that Bitspower, a leading local and international water cooling brand, had recently launched a back-insertion cooling head. After my excellent experience with their CR360 water cooler, I reached out to them, and they were kind enough to provide products for the build. So, let’s dive into this build experience!

Steel chassis, tempered glass front and side panels

 ATX / micro-ATX / mini-ITX / E-ATX (with GPU bracket removal)

The case packaging prominently displays the DY470 logo and design elements, with a very spacious box. The packaging is 

sturdy, justifying the size of the box, and you’ll find the accessory box embedded inside the packaging.

| Showcasing the Case from Different Angles |

The front cover features a sharp design with three intersecting glass panels that provide a sleek, premium feel. When the lights are off, the edges are defined, adding to its premium look. The top part of the case is made of transparent glass, which gives a more open visual feel when the system is powered on, offering excellent transparency.

The glass panels are secured with screws and feature a quick-release structure, making assembly and disassembly very intuitive.

The rear section reveals that the power supply is mounted vertically, and the fan mounts are designed specifically for 120mm fans.

The accessory box follows darkFlash's signature style, including the traditional glass cleaning cloth and standard screws. Additionally, the instruction manual is included, which is particularly useful since the three glass panels may require some extra attention during assembly. The steps for removing and installing the glass panels are more intricate, and the manual can be referenced to help guide you through the process.

| Lighting and Dark Environment Effects |

I never imagined that a computer with this kind of gaming "lazy" modeling would actually exist in real life. In recent years, this intriguing build concept has finally come to life, and I was amazed by how visually seamless and comfortable the experience is. I deeply respect the developers and designers behind this innovation. It’s an honor to add such a memorable unboxing to my assembly journey.





| Introduction |

I was fortunate enough to be invited by darkFlash Taiwan to experience the debut of the back-insertion “sea-view” PC case. The first time I saw this case was at the 2024 Computex booth, where I learned that it features a back-insertion design, three large glass panels for maximum transparency, and an expansive layout—quite unique! When I received the invitation, I also had a set of ROG BTF components on hand, so I took up the challenge. While setting up the system, I hesitated a bit regarding cooling solutions. Almost all water cooling systems on the market still have tubing, and I felt that to achieve the perfect back-insertion aesthetic, something was still missing. Then I remembered that Bitspower, a leading local and international water cooling brand, had recently launched a back-insertion cooling head. After my excellent experience with their CR360 water cooler, I reached out to them, and they were kind enough to provide products for the build. So, let’s dive into this build experience!







| Unboxing and Component Overview |







Official DY470 Case Specifications

Dimensions: 239 x 477 x 528 mm

Form Factor: Mid Tower

Material: Steel chassis, tempered glass front and side panels

Motherboard Support (Standard): ATX / micro-ATX / mini-ITX / E-ATX (with GPU bracket removal)

Motherboard Support (Back-Insertion): ATX

Front I/O:





1x USB 3.2 GEN 2 Type-C



2x USB 3.0



Power button



Reset button



Microphone + headphone combo

Case Wiring:





F-PANEL front panel Dupont wire set



Type-C connector



Audio input connector



USB 3.0 connector

Fan / Radiator Support:





Top: 3x 120mm (Supports 360mm Radiator)



Rear: 1x 120mm (Supports 120mm Radiator)



Bottom: 3x 120mm (Supports 360mm Radiator)



Side: 3x 120mm (Supports 360mm Radiator)

GPU Length Support:





Horizontal: 410mm



Vertical: 390mm

Cooler Height Support: 175mm



Hardware Configuration for This Build





CPU Processor: Intel i9-14900KS (removed later for exhibition purposes)



GPU Graphics Card: ASUS ROG Strix GeForce RTX 4090 24GB GDDR6X BTF OC



Motherboard: ASUS ROG MAXIMUS Z790 HERO BTF



RAM: Kingston FURY Renegade DDR5 7200MHz 16GB x2



Case: darkFlash DY470 Black



Fans: darkFlash DM12 / DM12R PRO PWM (4x Forward, 3x Reverse)



PSU: Corsair SF-L Series SF850L ATX 3.0 PCIe 5.0



Cooler: Bitspower Full Custom Water Cooling



| Case Unboxing | 







The case packaging prominently displays the DY470 logo and design elements, with a very spacious box. The packaging is 

sturdy, justifying the size of the box, and you’ll find the accessory box embedded inside the packaging.







| Showcasing the Case from Different Angles |











The front cover features a sharp design with three intersecting glass panels that provide a sleek, premium feel. When the lights are off, the edges are defined, adding to its premium look. The top part of the case is made of transparent glass, which gives a more open visual feel when the system is powered on, offering excellent transparency.







The glass panels are secured with screws and feature a quick-release structure, making assembly and disassembly very intuitive.







The rear section reveals that the power supply is mounted vertically, and the fan mounts are designed specifically for 120mm fans.







| Accessory Box Overview |











The accessory box follows darkFlash's signature style, including the traditional glass cleaning cloth and standard screws. Additionally, the instruction manual is included, which is particularly useful since the three glass panels may require some extra attention during assembly. The steps for removing and installing the glass panels are more intricate, and the manual can be referenced to help guide you through the process.



| Lighting and Dark Environment Effects |


























| Conclusion |

I never imagined that a computer with this kind of gaming "lazy" modeling would actually exist in real life. In recent years, this intriguing build concept has finally come to life, and I was amazed by how visually seamless and comfortable the experience is. I deeply respect the developers and designers behind this innovation. It’s an honor to add such a memorable unboxing to my assembly journey.



Article sourced from: MSC Studio

The brand-new DY470 case is unboxed, showcasing its compatibility with the ROG BTF series motherboard, graphics card, and Bitspower back-insertion water cooling setup.

Unboxing the 330° Ultra-Wide Angle Back-Insertion DarkFlash DY470 ATX PC Case

Water cooling technology has become highly advanced, leading more consumers to choose all-in-one (AIO) water coolers for CPU cooling. Aside from heat dissipation performance, the ease of installation has also become an important consideration. To enhance the user experience, manufacturers have focused on improving one of the most critical components—the water cooling fan.

Currently, there are three main types of water cooling fans on the market: standard fans, custom chain-link fans, and modular fans.

Standard fans function similarly to typical case fans and are connected using two types of cables: PWM and ARGB. The PWM cable features a 4-pin connector, which controls the fan speed through the motherboard, while the ARGB cable has a 3-pin connector to control the lighting effects.

These fans use a universal connection method and can be linked with case fans.

The installation process can be cumbersome as each fan requires two different cables, making the setup difficult and cable management challenging.

Chain-link fans use a specialized cable system to connect fans in series. With just one cable, all the fans are linked together, and you only need to connect the final cable to the motherboard.

These fans save time during installation, and manufacturers typically pre-install the fans onto the radiator, saving you from having to secure them yourself.

 If one fan malfunctions, you can only replace it by purchasing the exact same fan from the manufacturer—third-party replacements are not possible.

Modular fans connect via either a snap-together or magnetic system, eliminating the need for cables between fans. Like the chain-link fans, the only connection required is to the motherboard.

With no cables between fans, the system looks much cleaner and more aesthetically pleasing.

Due to the advanced technology involved, modular fan-based AIO water coolers tend to be more expensive, which might not be ideal for budget-conscious users.

The DN360S Liquid CPU Cooler by darkFlash is an excellent choice for those seeking both affordability and ease of installation. This cooler uses the chain-link fan design to provide a smooth installation process and saves users time by pre-installing the fans onto the radiator. Additionally, the DN-360S features a 2.1-inch 480x480 pixel IPS display, which can monitor hardware data or display customizable, cute animations. Whether you're checking system stats or adding a touch of personality to your setup, the DN360S Liquid CPU Cooler has you covered!





Water cooling technology has become highly advanced, leading more consumers to choose all-in-one (AIO) water coolers for CPU cooling. Aside from heat dissipation performance, the ease of installation has also become an important consideration. To enhance the user experience, manufacturers have focused on improving one of the most critical components—the water cooling fan.



| Types of Water Cooling Fan | 

Currently, there are three main types of water cooling fans on the market: standard fans, custom chain-link fans, and modular fans.



1. Standard Fans

Standard fans function similarly to typical case fans and are connected using two types of cables: PWM and ARGB. The PWM cable features a 4-pin connector, which controls the fan speed through the motherboard, while the ARGB cable has a 3-pin connector to control the lighting effects.



Advantages: These fans use a universal connection method and can be linked with case fans.

Considerations: The installation process can be cumbersome as each fan requires two different cables, making the setup difficult and cable management challenging.



Aesthetics: ★★

Installation Experience: ★

Cost-Effectiveness: ★★★★







2. Chain-Link Fans

Chain-link fans use a specialized cable system to connect fans in series. With just one cable, all the fans are linked together, and you only need to connect the final cable to the motherboard.



Advantages: These fans save time during installation, and manufacturers typically pre-install the fans onto the radiator, saving you from having to secure them yourself.

Considerations: If one fan malfunctions, you can only replace it by purchasing the exact same fan from the manufacturer—third-party replacements are not possible.



Aesthetics: ★★★★

Installation Experience: ★★★★★

Cost-Effectiveness: ★★★★





3. Modular Fans

Modular fans connect via either a snap-together or magnetic system, eliminating the need for cables between fans. Like the chain-link fans, the only connection required is to the motherboard.



Advantages: With no cables between fans, the system looks much cleaner and more aesthetically pleasing.

Considerations: Due to the advanced technology involved, modular fan-based AIO water coolers tend to be more expensive, which might not be ideal for budget-conscious users.



Aesthetics: ★★★★★

Installation Experience: ★★★★★

Cost-Effectiveness: ★★







Best Chain-Link Fan Water Cooler – DN360S Liquid CPU Cooler

The DN360S Liquid CPU Cooler by darkFlash is an excellent choice for those seeking both affordability and ease of installation. This cooler uses the chain-link fan design to provide a smooth installation process and saves users time by pre-installing the fans onto the radiator. Additionally, the DN-360S features a 2.1-inch 480x480 pixel IPS display, which can monitor hardware data or display customizable, cute animations. Whether you're checking system stats or adding a touch of personality to your setup, the DN360S Liquid CPU Cooler has you covered!

















When it comes to water cooling solutions, there are three common types of fans available on the market: standard fans, chain-link fans, and modular fans. Understanding their unique characteristics can help you choose the most suitable water cooler for your system.

Types of Fans in All-in-One Water Cooling Systems

The DNS IcePeak LCD Water Cooler is the first liquid cooler from darkFlash to feature a built-in display. This screen not only allows you to monitor the system’s hardware status but also offers the ability to customize the display using darkFlash’s proprietary software. In this guide, we will walk you through how to use the darkFlash DNS Water Cooler software.

Synchronizing the Software with the LCD Display

The DNS software allows you to monitor various system metrics including CPU information, GPU stats, and water cooling status. It provides an easy-to-read interface for checking these parameters in real-time.

The DNS Water Cooler offers four customization features for the LCD display:

In addition to customizing the text content, you can adjust the font type, size, position, and color for each display option.

Click the “Customize” button at the bottom of the software, then select “New Theme.”

Use the “Path Selection” option to choose and upload your custom GIF, PNG, or JPG files.

Select the uploaded image and click "Save."

Go back to the “Theme Preview” section, and select your custom theme from the list to apply it.

By following this DNS water cooler software guide, DIY players using the screen-equipped cooler for the first time will be able to quickly get up to speed and enjoy the customizable features available.





The DNS IcePeak LCD Water Cooler is the first liquid cooler from darkFlash to feature a built-in display. This screen not only allows you to monitor the system’s hardware status but also offers the ability to customize the display using darkFlash’s proprietary software. In this guide, we will walk you through how to use the darkFlash DNS Water Cooler software.



How to Download the DNS Driver Software





Visit the product page for the DNS IcePeak Water Cooler.



Click on the "Drivers" link at the top right of the page.



Under the "Download" section, click the "DNS IcePeak Driver" link to download the software.





Synchronizing the Software with the LCD Display





After installation, open the software and click "Connect and Start Using."



The software will begin syncing with the LCD screen on the water cooler.



Note: If the cooler is not detected, please restart your computer or unplug and re-plug the USB cable connection.





Software Interface Overview

The DNS software allows you to monitor various system metrics including CPU information, GPU stats, and water cooling status. It provides an easy-to-read interface for checking these parameters in real-time.



Customization Features

The DNS Water Cooler offers four customization features for the LCD display:





Text



Data



Status Bar



Arc Bar

In addition to customizing the text content, you can adjust the font type, size, position, and color for each display option.



Text Display Example ↓





Data Display Example ↓





Status Bar Example ↓





Arc Bar Example ↓





How to Customize Your LCD Display

Step 1: Create a New Theme

Click the “Customize” button at the bottom of the software, then select “New Theme.”



Step 2: Upload Custom Images

Click on “Background Settings.”

Use the “Path Selection” option to choose and upload your custom GIF, PNG, or JPG files.



Step 3: Save the Image

Select the uploaded image and click "Save."



Step 4: Apply the Theme

Go back to the “Theme Preview” section, and select your custom theme from the list to apply it.



By following this DNS water cooler software guide, DIY players using the screen-equipped cooler for the first time will be able to quickly get up to speed and enjoy the customizable features available.

This tutorial will help first-time DIY players quickly get started with the DNS IcePeak LCD Water Cooler and its software.

DNS LCD Water Cooler Software Guide

PCIe, short for PCI Express, is a widely used bus standard on computer motherboards. It serves as a high-speed interface for connecting various computer hardware components, providing efficient and stable data transfer. PCIe is primarily used to connect devices like graphics cards, SSDs, network cards, and capture cards, among others.

PCIe uses a point-to-point serial connection, meaning each device connected to a PCIe slot has its own dedicated data transfer channel. This allows for significantly faster data transfer rates compared to older standards. PCIe slots come in different versions (e.g., PCIe 3.0, PCIe 4.0, PCIe 5.0), with each new generation offering almost double the data transfer speed of the previous one.

PCIe slots come in various lengths and lane configurations, including x1, x4, x8, and x16. The number after the "x" indicates the number of data lanes the slot has, which can be thought of as lanes on a highway. For example, an x16 slot offers 16 data lanes, allowing for higher throughput compared to smaller slots like x1, which only has one data lane.

PCIe is backward compatible, meaning a PCIe 4.0 device can be used in a PCIe 3.0 slot, but the device will be limited to the slower transfer speed of PCIe 3.0.

| PCIe Usage and Recommended Slot Types |

| Important Considerations When Using PCIe |

When choosing expansion devices, ensure that the bandwidth of the device matches the slot's bandwidth. Low-bandwidth slots will limit the performance of high-bandwidth devices.

Ensure that the physical size of the PCIe card is compatible with the motherboard slot. For example, an x1 card can be installed in a x16 slot, but an x16 card cannot be installed in a x1 slot.

Most motherboards have a slot priority system, meaning some slots are more suitable for high-priority devices like GPUs. To get the best performance, it is recommended to install critical components in slots closer to the CPU, as these slots often offer the best bandwidth and lowest latency.

PCIe slots are critical for expanding and enhancing the functionality of your computer. By understanding the different types of PCIe slots and their recommended uses, you can optimize your system's performance and expand its capabilities to meet your needs. Whether you're upgrading your graphics card, installing an SSD, or adding a network card, choosing the right PCIe slot is essential for maximizing the potential of your hardware.





| What is PCIe? |

PCIe, short for PCI Express, is a widely used bus standard on computer motherboards. It serves as a high-speed interface for connecting various computer hardware components, providing efficient and stable data transfer. PCIe is primarily used to connect devices like graphics cards, SSDs, network cards, and capture cards, among others.



| Key Features of PCIe |

High-Speed Data Transfer

PCIe uses a point-to-point serial connection, meaning each device connected to a PCIe slot has its own dedicated data transfer channel. This allows for significantly faster data transfer rates compared to older standards. PCIe slots come in different versions (e.g., PCIe 3.0, PCIe 4.0, PCIe 5.0), with each new generation offering almost double the data transfer speed of the previous one.



Different Slot Sizes

PCIe slots come in various lengths and lane configurations, including x1, x4, x8, and x16. The number after the "x" indicates the number of data lanes the slot has, which can be thought of as lanes on a highway. For example, an x16 slot offers 16 data lanes, allowing for higher throughput compared to smaller slots like x1, which only has one data lane.



Backward Compatibility

PCIe is backward compatible, meaning a PCIe 4.0 device can be used in a PCIe 3.0 slot, but the device will be limited to the slower transfer speed of PCIe 3.0.



| PCIe Usage and Recommended Slot Types |



Graphics Card (GPU)





Recommended Slot: PCIe x16



Reason: Graphics cards require the highest bandwidth to handle demanding graphical computations. Therefore, they are typically installed in x16 slots, which provide the best data transfer rates to ensure optimal GPU performance.



Solid-State Drive (SSD)





Recommended Slot: PCIe x4



Reason: SSDs are usually installed in M.2 slots on the motherboard. However, if the motherboard lacks enough M.2 slots, an M.2 PCIe expansion card can be installed in a PCIe x4 slot to fully unleash the SSD's performance.



Network Card (NIC)





Recommended Slot: PCIe x1 or PCIe x4



Reason: While many network cards use USB for hot-swapping, a PCIe network card is typically chosen for more stable and reliable network connections. An x1 slot is sufficient for most network cards, but for higher-speed NICs, a PCIe x4 slot is recommended for improved stability.



Capture Card





Recommended Slot: PCIe x4 or x8



Reason: Capture cards are essential for streamers and content creators, as they handle high-bandwidth video data. To ensure smooth performance, capture cards usually require a PCIe x4 or x8 slot to provide enough bandwidth for high-quality video streaming.



| Important Considerations When Using PCIe |

Bandwidth Compatibility

When choosing expansion devices, ensure that the bandwidth of the device matches the slot's bandwidth. Low-bandwidth slots will limit the performance of high-bandwidth devices.



Physical Compatibility

Ensure that the physical size of the PCIe card is compatible with the motherboard slot. For example, an x1 card can be installed in a x16 slot, but an x16 card cannot be installed in a x1 slot.



Slot Priority

Most motherboards have a slot priority system, meaning some slots are more suitable for high-priority devices like GPUs. To get the best performance, it is recommended to install critical components in slots closer to the CPU, as these slots often offer the best bandwidth and lowest latency.



PCIe slots are critical for expanding and enhancing the functionality of your computer. By understanding the different types of PCIe slots and their recommended uses, you can optimize your system's performance and expand its capabilities to meet your needs. Whether you're upgrading your graphics card, installing an SSD, or adding a network card, choosing the right PCIe slot is essential for maximizing the potential of your hardware.

PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) slots are one of the key expansion slots on a motherboard. Understanding the characteristics of PCIe slots and how to use them effectively can help maximize the performance of your expansion devices.

What is PCIe on a Motherboard?

, is a technology standard for connecting computers to external devices. As data transfer speeds have increased over time, newer versions like USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 have emerged. There are also different connector types such as USB Type-A, Type-B, and the latest USB Type-C, which is oval-shaped and reversible. USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 Type-A connectors are standard on most cases and motherboards. But how can you tell them apart? Let’s break down the key differences:

The connector has 4 pins arranged in a single row.

Ports are usually blue, which helps differentiate them from USB 2.0 ports.

The connector has 9 pins in two rows—5 on the top row and 4 on the bottom row. This physical distinction makes it easy to identify USB 3.0 ports.

The standard Type-A connector is square-shaped.

Backward Compatibility: You can plug a USB 3.0 device into a USB 2.0 port, but the transfer speed will be limited to USB 2.0’s slower speeds.

Also uses the Type-A connector, which looks identical to USB 2.0's Type-A.

Backward Compatibility: USB 3.0 ports are backward compatible with USB 2.0 devices, but the data transfer speed will be capped at USB 2.0 rates.

Supports one-way data transfer at a time, meaning it can only send or receive data, but not both simultaneously.

Supports dual channels for data transfer.

Capable of bi-directional data transfer, meaning it can send and receive data at the same time, significantly improving overall transfer efficiency.

USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 are two distinct data transfer standards, with the main difference being the data transfer speed. USB 3.0 offers a much faster transfer rate, making it ideal for devices that require quick data handling, such as external storage devices. When purchasing a computer case, it’s important to consider the USB I/O ports, as they will directly impact your experience with peripheral devices.





USB, which stands for Universal Serial Bus, is a technology standard for connecting computers to external devices. As data transfer speeds have increased over time, newer versions like USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 have emerged. There are also different connector types such as USB Type-A, Type-B, and the latest USB Type-C, which is oval-shaped and reversible. USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 Type-A connectors are standard on most cases and motherboards. But how can you tell them apart? Let’s break down the key differences:



1. Data Transfer Speed

USB 2.0





Maximum Transfer Speed: 480 Mbps (60 MB/s)



Ideal Use: Connecting devices like mice and keyboards for everyday tasks. USB 2.0 is suitable for low-speed peripherals that don’t require high data transfer rates.



USB 3.0





Maximum Transfer Speed: 5 Gbps (625 MB/s), roughly 10 times faster than USB 2.0.



Ideal Use: High-speed data transfers such as external drives, flash drives, and other storage devices. USB 3.0 is perfect for situations where large amounts of data need to be transferred quickly.



2. Port Color

USB 2.0:

Ports are typically black or white.

The connector has 4 pins arranged in a single row.



USB 3.0:

Ports are usually blue, which helps differentiate them from USB 2.0 ports.

The connector has 9 pins in two rows—5 on the top row and 4 on the bottom row. This physical distinction makes it easy to identify USB 3.0 ports.







3. Connector Style and Compatibility

USB 2.0:

The standard Type-A connector is square-shaped.

Backward Compatibility: You can plug a USB 3.0 device into a USB 2.0 port, but the transfer speed will be limited to USB 2.0’s slower speeds.



USB 3.0:

Also uses the Type-A connector, which looks identical to USB 2.0's Type-A.

Backward Compatibility: USB 3.0 ports are backward compatible with USB 2.0 devices, but the data transfer speed will be capped at USB 2.0 rates.



4. Data Transfer Channels

USB 2.0:

Uses a single channel for data transfer.

Supports one-way data transfer at a time, meaning it can only send or receive data, but not both simultaneously.



USB 3.0:

Supports dual channels for data transfer.

Capable of bi-directional data transfer, meaning it can send and receive data at the same time, significantly improving overall transfer efficiency.



Conclusion

USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 are two distinct data transfer standards, with the main difference being the data transfer speed. USB 3.0 offers a much faster transfer rate, making it ideal for devices that require quick data handling, such as external storage devices. When purchasing a computer case, it’s important to consider the USB I/O ports, as they will directly impact your experience with peripheral devices.

USB 3.0 and USB 2.0 are two of the most commonly used USB interfaces, with the primary distinction being data transfer speed. Using a slower interface can result in slower data transfer rates, which may affect your overall experience.

Differences Between USB 3.0 and USB 2.0 Ports on Computer Cases

After discussing the principles of air coolers, let's dive into another popular cooling option: water coolers. As a more advanced solution for PC DIY enthusiasts, AIO water coolers are currently one of the most effective processor coolers available that most PC builders can afford. But what are the pros and cons of AIO water coolers?

AIO water coolers leverage the high thermal conductivity of liquids to transfer heat from the processor quickly to the radiator, resulting in superior cooling performance. This makes them one of the most efficient solutions for keeping your processor cool, especially under heavy loads.

Unlike air coolers, which require bulky heatsinks and fans to be installed directly onto the processor, AIO water coolers use a closed-loop system with tubes that transfer heat to an external radiator. This means the cooling head (the part that contacts the CPU) can be smaller and more compact, allowing for a cleaner, less cluttered internal setup. This design also helps avoid blocking access to components like RAM or the motherboard, giving you more flexibility in choosing and installing other components.

One of the standout advantages of an AIO cooler is that the radiator fan pushes hot air outside the case, rather than circulating it within the case as in air coolers. This helps to expel heat not only from the processor but also from other components inside the case, improving overall airflow and cooling for the entire system.

AIO water coolers are generally more expensive than traditional air coolers. For users who are particularly cost-conscious or focused on price-to-performance ratios, an air cooler may be a more budget-friendly option. The extra cost of an AIO cooler can be a downside for those looking for a more economical solution.

Although AIO water coolers have become much more reliable in recent years, there is still a small risk of leakage. While the technology and manufacturing processes are quite mature, leaks can still happen. If a leak occurs, not only will it affect the cooling performance of the processor, but the leaked liquid could also damage other sensitive PC components. To alleviate these concerns, many manufacturers offer extended warranties that cover leakage, ranging from three to six years, to attract customers.

Installing an AIO cooler is typically more complex than installing an air cooler. With air coolers, you simply attach the heatsink to the processor, clip on the fan, and connect the necessary cables. In contrast, an AIO water cooler requires you to install the water block (cold plate), radiator, and fans, along with several tubes and cables. This makes the installation process more involved and can be challenging for beginners or those who are new to PC building.

AIO water coolers offer exceptional cooling performance and a cleaner, more efficient setup compared to traditional air coolers. However, their higher price, potential risk of leaks, and more complicated installation process may make them less appealing to some users. For those who prioritize cooling efficiency and are willing to invest in a more advanced solution, AIO coolers can be an excellent choice. However, if you're on a budget or new to building PCs, you might want to consider an air cooler as a more cost-effective and simpler alternative.

Now that you understand the key advantages and disadvantages of AIO water coolers, you're in a better position to make an informed decision for your next PC build!





After discussing the principles of air coolers, let's dive into another popular cooling option: water coolers. As a more advanced solution for PC DIY enthusiasts, AIO water coolers are currently one of the most effective processor coolers available that most PC builders can afford. But what are the pros and cons of AIO water coolers?



| Advantages of AIO Water Coolers |

Excellent Cooling Performance

AIO water coolers leverage the high thermal conductivity of liquids to transfer heat from the processor quickly to the radiator, resulting in superior cooling performance. This makes them one of the most efficient solutions for keeping your processor cool, especially under heavy loads.



More Compact and Neat Internal Space

Unlike air coolers, which require bulky heatsinks and fans to be installed directly onto the processor, AIO water coolers use a closed-loop system with tubes that transfer heat to an external radiator. This means the cooling head (the part that contacts the CPU) can be smaller and more compact, allowing for a cleaner, less cluttered internal setup. This design also helps avoid blocking access to components like RAM or the motherboard, giving you more flexibility in choosing and installing other components.







Heat is Expelled Outside the Case

One of the standout advantages of an AIO cooler is that the radiator fan pushes hot air outside the case, rather than circulating it within the case as in air coolers. This helps to expel heat not only from the processor but also from other components inside the case, improving overall airflow and cooling for the entire system.





| Disadvantages of AIO Water Coolers |

Higher Price

AIO water coolers are generally more expensive than traditional air coolers. For users who are particularly cost-conscious or focused on price-to-performance ratios, an air cooler may be a more budget-friendly option. The extra cost of an AIO cooler can be a downside for those looking for a more economical solution.



Potential for Leaks

Although AIO water coolers have become much more reliable in recent years, there is still a small risk of leakage. While the technology and manufacturing processes are quite mature, leaks can still happen. If a leak occurs, not only will it affect the cooling performance of the processor, but the leaked liquid could also damage other sensitive PC components. To alleviate these concerns, many manufacturers offer extended warranties that cover leakage, ranging from three to six years, to attract customers.



More Complex Installation

Installing an AIO cooler is typically more complex than installing an air cooler. With air coolers, you simply attach the heatsink to the processor, clip on the fan, and connect the necessary cables. In contrast, an AIO water cooler requires you to install the water block (cold plate), radiator, and fans, along with several tubes and cables. This makes the installation process more involved and can be challenging for beginners or those who are new to PC building.







AIO water coolers offer exceptional cooling performance and a cleaner, more efficient setup compared to traditional air coolers. However, their higher price, potential risk of leaks, and more complicated installation process may make them less appealing to some users. For those who prioritize cooling efficiency and are willing to invest in a more advanced solution, AIO coolers can be an excellent choice. However, if you're on a budget or new to building PCs, you might want to consider an air cooler as a more cost-effective and simpler alternative.



Now that you understand the key advantages and disadvantages of AIO water coolers, you're in a better position to make an informed decision for your next PC build!

While All-in-One (AIO) water coolers offer superior cooling performance, they also come with their own set of drawbacks and important considerations.

Advantages and Disadvantages of All-in-One (AIO) Water Coolers

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Our goal is to create products that could extremely exert its effect by every user.